Fertility

Many studies have linked lowered fertility to RFR, such as:

1. Sperm dies 3 times faster (according to laureate Professor John Aiken)
2. Lowered motility of sperm
3. Negative effect on Sperm Morphology as quoted by Olle Johanssen
4. Greek researchers found that subjecting mice to low exposure from antennas resulted in 5^th generation irreversible infertility

We must face up to the dangers of RFR and realise this may be the most important subject for our generation to face. You can take simple steps like using Airplane mode in your pocket.

Some short videos explaining the issue:

FERTILITY FOR MAST OBJECTIONS

Fertility rates have been falling at an alarming rate in western countries, causing huge concern, and there is good evidence that RFR is a significant factor in contributing to this.	Adams et al Effect of mobile telephones on sperm quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis 2014     Houston, B.J., et al. “The effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on sperm function.” 2016     Singh et al Effect of radiofrequency radiation on reproductive health 2018	“Around 14% of couples in high- and middle-income countries have difficulty conceiving, and there are unexplained declines in semen quality reported in several countries. We conclude that pooled results from in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that mobile phone exposure negatively affects sperm quality.”  Documented impacts of RF-EMR on the male reproductive system include decreased sperm motility, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species, increased DNA damage, and decreased antioxidant levels.   This review covered various health effects of RFR, including reproductive health. Several studies reported a link between cell phone use and changes in sperm count, motility, normal morphology and viability. Two studies on foetal and neonatal cardiac output and heart rate following exposure to RFR noted significant changes.
An alarming aspect of RFR radiation is the research showing detrimental effects to fertility	Panagopoulos et al The effect of exposure duration on the biological activity of mobile telephony radiation  (reproductive capacity of the insect Drosophila melanogaster) 2010	The results show that the reproductive capacity decreases almost linearly with increasing exposure duration to both GSM 900 and DCS 1800 radiation, suggesting that short-term exposures to these radiations have cumulative effects on living organisms.

135 PEER-REVIEWED SCIENTIFIC STUDIES & REPORTS SHOWING SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS OF EMF EXPOSURES ON MALE FERTILITY (1972-2012)

1. Afromeev VI, Tkachenko VN, (1999). [Change in the percent of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme level in testes of animals exposed to superhigh frequency radiation] Biofizika 44(5):931-932 [Article in Russian] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10624539

2. Agarwal A, Deepinder, F. Sharma RK, Ranga G. & J. Li. (2008). Effect of cell phone usage on semen analysis in men attending infertility clinic: an observational study, Fertil Steril. 89 (1):124-128. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17482179

3. Agarwal A, Desai NR, Ruffoli R, Carpi A. (2008). Lifestyle and testicular dysfunction: A brief review. Biomed Pharmacother. 62(8):550-553. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18771892

4. Agarwal A, NR. Desai, K Makker, A Varghese, R Mouradi, E Sabanegh, and R Sharma (2009). Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves (RF-EMW) from cellular phones on human ejaculated semen: an in vitro pilot study. Fertil Steril. 92(4):1318-25. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18804757

5. Agarwal A, Singh A and Hamada A (2011):Cell phones and male infertility: review of recent innovations in technology and consequences. International Brazilian Journal of Andrology Vol. 37 (4): 432-454. http://www.brazjurol.com.br/july_august_2011/Agarwal_432_454.htm

6. Aghdam Shahryar H, A.R. Lotfi, M. Bahojb and A.R. Karami (2008). Effects of Electromagnetic Fields of Cellular Phone on Cortisol and Testosterone Hormones Rate in Syrian Hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). International Journal of Zoological Research, 4: 230-233. http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijzr.2008.230.233

7. Ahangarpour A, Fathi-Moghaddam H, Birgani MJ, Shahbazian H, Badavi M. (2009). Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis responses of the male rats to short and long time alternative magnetic fields (50 Hz) exposure. J Res Med Sci.14(4):231-8 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/217728898. Aitken RJ, Bennetts LE, Sawyer D, Wiklendt AM, King BV. (2005). Impact of radio frequency electromagnetic radiation on DNA integrity in the male germline. Int. J. Androl 28: 171–179. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15910543

9. Akdag Z, Celik MS, Ketani A, Nergiz Y, Deniz M, Dasdag S (1999). Effect of chronic low-intensity microwave radiation on sperm count, sperm morphology, and testicular and epididymal tissues of rats. Electro Magnetobiol 18 (2): 133 – 145 http://www.emf-portal.de/viewer.php?sform=&fb=yes&aid=9425&l=e

10. Andrienko LG, Dumanskiĭ IuD, Rudichenko VF, Meleshko GI. (1977). [Effect of industrial-frequency electromagnetic fields on the spermatogenic function].Vrach Delo. 9:116-8. [Article in Russian]. No abstract available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/919464

11. Asashima M, Shimada K, Pfeiffer CJ. (1991)Magnetic shielding induces early developmental abnormalities in the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster.Bioelectromagnetics, 12(4): 215-224

12. Avendaño C, Mata A, Sanchez Sarmiento CA, Doncel GF. (2012). Use of laptop computers connected to internet through Wi-Fi decreases human sperm motility and increases sperm DNA fragmentation. Fertility and Sterility. 97(1):39-45.e2 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22112647

13. Avendaño, C; A. Mata; A.M. Juarez Villanueva; V.S. Martínez; C.A. Sanchez Sarmiento (2010). Laptop expositions affect motility and induce DNA fragmentation in human spermatozoa in vitro by a nonthermal effect: a preliminary report. Fertility and Sterility. 94 (4), Supplement, pg. S73-S73 http://www.safeschool.ca/uploads/Laptop_Expositions.pdf

14. Baste V, Riise T and BE Moen (2008). Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields; male infertility and sex ratio of offspring Eur J Epidemiol. 23(5):369–377 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18415687

15. Bereznitskaya AN, Rysina TZ. (1973). Effects of Microwaves. In Biological Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields, Z.V. Gordon, ed., Arlington, Va., U.S. Joint Publications Research Service No. 6332l, pp.230-236. ). http://www.magdahavas.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/Russian_Biological_Effects_of_Radiofrequency_Electromagnetic_Fields.pdf

16. Bereznitskaya, A.N. and I.M. Kazbekov (1974). Studies on the Reproduction and Testicular Microstructure of Mice Exposed to Microwaves. In Biological Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields, Z.V. Gordon, ed., Arlington, Va., U.S. Joint Publications Research Service No. 6332l, pp. 221-229 (1974). http://www.magdahavas.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/Russian_Biological_Effects_of_Radiofrequency_Electromagnetic_Fields.pdf

17. Bernabò N, Tettamanti E, Russo V, Martelli A, Turriani M, Mattoli M, Barboni B. (2010). Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure affects fertilization outcome in swine animal model. Theriogenology. 73(9):1293-305. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20176397

18. Bernabo N., Tettamanti E., Pistilli M.G., Nardinocchi D., Berardinelli P., Mattioli M., Barboni B. (2007). Effects of 50 Hz extremely low frequency magnetic field on the morphology and function of boar spermatozoa capacitated in vitro. Theriogenology, 67 (4), pp. 801-815 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17196643

19. Brugh VM and Lipshultz LI (2004). Male factor infertility: evaluation and management. Med. Clin. North Am. 88(2): 367–85. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15049583

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22. Celik S, Aridogan IA, Izol V, Erdogan S, Polat S, Doran S (2011). An evaluation of the effects of long-term cell phone use on the testes via light and electron microscope analysis. Urology: 79(2): 346-50. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0090429511025933

23. Chen HY, Wang SM, Peng RY, Gao YB, Wang LF, Zhao L, Zuo HY, Dong J, Su ZT: (2011). [Long-term microwave radiation affects male reproduction in rats]. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue; 17(3):214-8 [Article in Chinese] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21485541

24. Chia SE, Tay SK. (2001). Occupational risk for male infertility: a case-control study of 218 infertile and 227 fertile men. J Occup Environ Med 43: 946–51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11725334?dopt=Abstract&holding=npg

25. Dasdag S, Ketani MA, Akdag Z. Ersay AR. Sari, I. Demirtas OC, Celik MS. (1999). Whole-body microwave exposure emitted by cellular phones and testicular function of rats. Urol Res. 27(3):219-23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10422825

26. Davoudi M, Brossner C, Kuber W. (2002). Der Einfluß elektromagnetischer Wellen auf die Spermienmotilität [The influence of electromagnetic waves on sperm motility]. Journal fur Urologie und Urogynakologie. 19:18-22 http://www.emf-portal.de/viewer.php?aid=9854&l=g

27. De Iuliis GN, Newey RJ, King BV, Aitken RJ. (2009). Mobile phone radiation induces reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage in human spermatozoa in vitro, PLoS One.4(7):e6446 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19649291

28. De Vita R, Cavallo D, Raganella L, Eleuteri P, Grollino MG, Calugi A. (1995). Effects of 50 Hz magnetic fields on mouse spermatogenesis monitored by flow cytometric analysis. Bioelectromagnetics. 16(5):330-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8554635

29. Deepinder F, Makker K, Agarwal A. (2007). Cell phones and male infertility: dissecting the relationship. Reprod Biomed Online.15(3):266-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17854521

30. Deepinder F, Makkler K, Agarwal A. (2007). Cell phones and male infertility: dissecting the relationship. Reprod Biomed Online. 3:266-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17854521

31. Derias EM, Stefanis P, Drakeley A, Gazvani R, Lewis Jones DI. (2006). Growing concern over the safety of using mobile phones and male fertility. Arch Androl. 52(1):9–14. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16338863

32. Desai NR, Kesari KK, Agarwal A. (2009). Pathophysiology of cell phone radiation: oxidative stress and carcinogenesis with focus on male reproductive system, Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 7:114 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19849853

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34. Emura R, Ashida N, Higashi T, Takeuchi T. (2001) Orientation of bull sperms in static magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 22(1): 60-65 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11122494

35. Erogul, E. Oztas, I. Yildirim, T. Kir, E. Aydur, G. Komesli, H.C. Irkilata, M.K. Irmak, A.F. Peker (2006). Effects of electromagnetic radiation from a cellular phone on human sperm motility: an in vitro study, Arch. Med.Res. 37 (2006) 840–843. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16971222

36. Esmekaya MA, Ozer C, Seyhan N. (2011). 900 MHz pulse-modulated radiofrequency radiation induces oxidative stress on heart, lung, testis and liver tissues. Gen Physiol Biophys., 30 (1):(84-9). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21460416

37. Falzone N, Huyser C, Becker P, Leszczynski D, Franken DR. (2011). The effect of pulsed 900MHz GSM mobile phone radiation on the acrosome reaction, head morphometry and zona binding of human spermatozoa, Int J Androl. 34(1):206. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20236367

38. Falzone N, Huyser C, Fourie FlR, Toivo T, Leszczynski D & Franken DR. (2008) In vitro effect of 900 MHz GSM radiation on mitochondrial membrane potential and motility of human spermatozoa. Bioelectromagnetics 29: 268–276. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bem.20390/abstract

39. Farkhad, S.A., S. Zare, H. Hayatgeibi and A. Qadiri (2007). Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on testes in Guinea pig. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 10: 4519-4522. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19093523

40. Fejes, Z. Závaczki, J. Szöllősi, S. Koloszár, J. Daru, L. Kovács, A. Pál. (2005). Is there a relationship between cell phone use and semen quality? Arch. Androl. 51: 385–393. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16087567

41. Forgács Z, Kubinyi G, Sinay G, Bakos J, Hudák A, Surján A, Révész C, Thuróczy G. (2005). Effects of 1800 MHz GSM-like Exposure on the Gonadal Function and Haematological Parameters of Male Mice Magy Onkol. 49(2):149-51 [Article in Hungarian] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16249811

42. Forgacs Z, Z Somosy, G Kubinyi, J Bakos (2005) Effect of whole-body 1800 MHz GSM-like microwave exposure on testicular steroidogenesis and histology in mice. Reproductive Toxicology 22(1): 111-17. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0890623805002716

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44. Gao XF, Wang SM, Peng RY (2007). [Status quo of the researches on the biological effect of electromagnetic radiation on the testis and epididymal sperm]. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue; 13(9):826-9 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17929563

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48. Haidt SJ, McTighe AH (1973). The effect of chronic, low-level microwave radiation on the testicles of mice. In: Maley, SW., ed. IEEE-G-MIT International Microwave Symposium, University of Colorado, June 4-6, 1973, pp. 324-325. DOI: 10.1109/GMTT.1973.1123206. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=1123206&isnumber=24832

49. Hamada AJ, Singh A and Agarwal A (2011): Cell Phones and their Impact on Male Fertility: Fact or Fiction. The Open Reproductive Science Journal, Special Issue on Advances in Andrology and Male Reproductive Health 3: 125-137. http://www.benthamscience.com/open/torsj/articles/V003/SI0001TORSJ/125TORSJ.pdf

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53. Hong R, Liu Y, Yu YM, Hu K, Weng EQ. (2003). [Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on male reproduction in mice]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 21(5):342-5. [Article in Chinese] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14761395

54. Hong R, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Weng EQ. (2005). [Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on DNA of testicular cells and sperm chromatin structure in mice]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 23(6):414-7.[Article in Chinese]. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16405771

55. Iorio R, Delle Monache S, Bennato F, Di Bartolomeo C, Scrimaglio R, Cinque B, Colonna RC. (2011). Involvement of mitochondrial activity in mediating ELF-EMF stimulatory effect on human sperm motility. Bioelectromagnetics.32(1):15-27. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20690107

56. Iorio R, Scrimaglio R, Rantucci E, Delle Monache S, et al (2007). A preliminary study of oscillating electromagnetic field effects on human spermatozoon motility. Bioelectromagnetics. 28(1):72-5 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17019728

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63. Kesari KK, Kumar S, & Behari J. (2010). Mobile phone usage and male infertility in Wistar rats. Indian J Exp Biol. 48(10):987-92. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21299041

64. Kesari, K.K, Kumar, S & Behari, J. (2011). Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic wave exposure from cellular phones on the reproductive pattern in male Wistar rats. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 164(4):546-59 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21240569

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